Wife and both parents (Umariyyatayn)
A man passes away leaving his wife and both of his parents. He has no children. Because a spouse and both parents are the only heirs, with no descendants and fewer than two siblings, the Umariyyatayn ruling applies.
- Wife1/4 - fixed share (no descendant)
- Mother1/4 - one-third of the remainder after the wife's share (Umariyyatayn)
- FatherRemainder as residuary heir
No relatives are blocked in this case.
- The wife takes her fixed 1/4 (no descendant present).
- Remainder after the wife: 1 - 1/4 = 3/4.
- Umariyyatayn: the mother takes 1/3 of that remainder, not 1/3 of the whole estate: 3/4 x 1/3 = 1/4.
- The father takes what is left: 3/4 - 1/4 = 1/2.
- Total: 1/4 + 1/4 + 1/2 = 1.
Estate value used for this example: PKR 4,000,000
Wife1/4
Mother1/4
Father1/2
Umariyyatayn applies when a spouse and both parents are the only heirs, there are no descendants, and there are fewer than two siblings. Without this rule, the mother's ordinary 1/3 could equal or exceed the father's share, which the Hanafi position corrects by basing her third on the remainder after the spouse.
Related concepts
UmariyyataynFixed sharesResiduary heirs